When users asked these AI chatbots for information, the responses often contained false, fabricated, or misleading content — and the chatbots presented this information confidently without any warning that it could be wrong. Users had no way to know whether the AI's confident-sounding answer was accurate or entirely hallucinated. The AI providers did not display any disclaimers about the risk of inaccuracies or hallucinations on their chat interfaces or registration screens.
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On April 30, 2026, Italy's competition and consumer protection authority (AGCM) closed investigations into three AI chatbot providers — China's DeepSeek, France's Mistral AI, and Italy's NOVA AI — after all three agreed to binding commitments requiring them to add prominent warnings about AI hallucinations on their chat interfaces and registration screens in the Italian language. The AGCM opened the probes because the AI chatbots were providing confident-sounding answers without adequately disclosing that AI-generated content "may be inaccurate, misleading, or entirely fabricated." The authority found that users had no meaningful way to assess the reliability of chatbot responses before relying on them. The commitments establish a concrete precedent: AI providers must display clear, contextual hallucination risk warnings directly on the chat interface — not buried in terms of service or privacy policies. The warnings must appear in Italian and be visible before users start interacting with the AI. This is the first binding commitment of its kind in Europe. The three providers have a 120-day compliance window to implement the changes before facing potential fines. Sources: - The Next Web, "Italy's antitrust authority closes probes into DeepSeek, Mistral, and Nova AI" (May 2, 2026) - Reuters, "Italy closes probe into DeepSeek after commitments to warn of AI 'hallucination' risks" (January 5, 2026) - PPC Land, "Italy forces DeepSeek, Mistral and Nova AI to warn users about hallucinations" (May 5, 2026) - GRC Report, "Italy Presses AI Firms to Put 'Hallucination' Risks Front & Center"
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